Electric scooters have exploded across American cities, but most riders don't know the legal rules governing their use. Understanding these laws is critical — violations can affect your liability if you're involved in an accident.
E-Scooter Laws Vary Widely by State
There is no single federal law governing e-scooters. Instead, regulation happens at the state and local level, creating a patchwork of rules. Here are key regulations in major states:
California (CVC §21235): Must be 16+ to operate. Max speed 15 mph. Adults 18+ are NOT required to wear helmets (under 18 must). Must use bike lanes where available. Sidewalk riding prohibited. DUI laws apply. Texas (Transportation Code §551A): Must be 16+ (or younger with parental consent in some cities). No statewide helmet requirement. Local municipalities set sidewalk and speed rules. Florida (§316.2068): E-scooters may be ridden on sidewalks, roads, and bike lanes. No helmet requirement for adults. Local governments can impose additional restrictions. New York (Vehicle & Traffic Law §1282): Must be 16+ (18+ in NYC). Helmet required for riders under 18. Max speed 15 mph. Can use bike lanes and roads; sidewalk riding prohibited. Illinois: Largely regulated at the city level. Chicago requires riders to be 16+ and prohibits sidewalk riding in business districts.
How These Laws Affect Liability
If you were riding legally — within the speed limit, in a bike lane, sober — and a car struck you, the driver typically bears full liability. If you were violating a rule (speeding, riding on the sidewalk where prohibited), comparative negligence may apply but does NOT necessarily eliminate your right to compensation.
The 222% Surge in E-Scooter ER Visits
A JAMA Surgery study found e-scooter-related ER visits increased 222% between 2017 and 2023 nationwide. Head injuries account for approximately 30% of all e-scooter injuries. The lack of a helmet requirement for adults in most states is a significant safety concern.
If you've been injured in an e-scooter accident, contact Bond Legal at (866) 423-7724. No attorney fees unless we win.
